明代贵州提学官员与地方社会

Guizhou School Officials and Local Education in Ming Dynasty

提学官俗称"学政",贵州建省较晚,直到嘉靖年间其学政才走向专门化,其职责与他省一样,同为负责地方文教。其事迹在史籍中的记述较少,履历也多缺失。事功主要表现在化育边省人才与纂修史志两方面,而其文学创作则呈现出奇异的对立,作为自然人的抒怀之作多赞美黔地自然风光,持职业身份进行的撰述则抑山水而扬文教,二者均对贵州形象的建构起到一定的作用。

Tixue,commonly known as Xuezheng,refers to education commissioner. It was until the reign of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty that Guizhou＇s provincial education commissioner got its specialization in charge of local culture and education like other provinces. But,the account of the education commissioners is less in the historical records. The contributions mainly include two aspects：cultivating talents and compiling local history.The education commissioners＇ literary creation presents a strange conflict：praising or diminishing the natural scenery in Guizhou Province under the condition of different identity. Both played a role in the construction of Guizhou image.