诗人已逝 神话犹存——略论罗曼·雅各布森的神话诗学

On Roman Jakobson's Mythic Poetics

罗曼·雅各布森不拘一格地将作者、文本与语境统一起来,服务于生平与作品关系的研究,揭示出诗人的诗歌神话即诗歌文本潜在的深层结构所在,一定程度上复活了被形式诗学所抛弃的"作者"和"语境"要素的决定价值,实现了对当时盛行的"庸俗生平主义"研究和"反生平主义"研究的超越。雅各布森的神话诗学既不同于"以作者为中心"的传统文论,也不同于纯粹"以文本为中心"的形式文论,而是综合运用历史主义、结构主义和科学实证主义的方法,探究诗歌文本意义生成的条件机制。

To discuss the relationship between life and works,Roman Jakobson unified the author,text and context. To some extent,this effort revived the determining value of two factors,namely,＂author＂ and ＂context＂,which were neglected by formal poetics and consequendy excelled the researches of ＂vulgar biographism＂ and ＂antibiographism＂. This study of poetic mythology,which is different from the ＂author-centred＂ traditional literary theory and the ＂text-centred＂ formal literary theory,multiply applies historicism, structuralism and scientific positivism methods to the research on the conditions of the formation of poetic text significance.