中国绿色发展与新型城镇化——基于SBM-DDF模型的双维度研究

Green Development and New Urbanization of China:A dual-dimensional analysis based on SBM-DDF Model

我国城镇化经历了一个追求速度和数量的高增长时期,然而,高速的城镇化与资源环境之间的矛盾日益突出,传统高污染、高能耗、高排放的发展模式使资源环境对城市的承载接近极限,严重制约了城市的可持续发展。新型城镇化要求改变我国传统粗放的城镇化方式,由盲目追求城市规模扩大和空间扩张,逐渐实现城市发展的资源节约、环境友好与生态文明,提高城镇化质量,这与绿色发展的核心理念内在一致。通过对2007-2011年我国大陆30个省(市、自治区)绿色经济增长效率的测算,并结合各地区城镇化进程进行双维度分析,构建基于绿色发展的新型城镇化模式,研究发现:我国城镇化进程中的绿色发展正处于转型升级的关键时期,大部分地区基本实现基于绿色发展的新型城镇化或有一定比较优势;30个省(市、自治区)可分为"高绿色—高城镇化"、"高绿色—低城镇化"、"低绿色—高城镇化"和"低绿色—低城镇化"四类地区,且主要以"双高"和"双低"为主,呈现"两头大中间小"的哑铃型;全国基于绿色发展的新型城镇化空间分布不均匀。有鉴于此,各级政府要大力推行和谐、绿色、低碳的发展理念,正视新型城镇化进程中的空间与发展格局差异,寻找各地区绿色或城镇化的比较优势,科学统筹,合理规划,构建绿色产业链,制定绿色发展政策,实现绿色与城镇化的双重发展。

This paper utilizes the SBM-DDF Model to calculate the green efficiency of economic growth of 30 provinces in China from 2007 - 2011. By integrating the dual-dimensional analysis of provincial urbanization rate,it proposes a green de- velopment project based new mode of urbanization, and hence explores its growth pattern and advancement path. It shows that green development is currently experiencing a crucial period in the process of domestic urbanization. Most districts have almost accomplished new urbanization based on green development, or have equipped with comparative advantages. In terms of different growth stages,the 30 provinces can be divided into four categories： high green development-high urbanization, high green development-low urbanization, low green development-high urbanization and low green development-low urbaniza- tion. Among these categories,double high and double low districts dominate over the others,appearing as a dumbbell shape. In addition,geographical distribution is imbalanced. Therefore, this authors suggest that the Chinese Government should pro- mote green development with urbanization and look for the comparative advantages. In fact, every province needs to construct a green industry chain and design green development policies,which value both green development and urbanization.