汉英动宾搭配词汇化过程中对边缘成分的不同敏感度研究

A Contrastive Study of Chinese and English Conceptual Sensitivity to Peripheral Factors in the Lexicalization of Verb-Noun Collocation

汉英两种语言在动宾搭配中动词的使用上不存在一一对应关系。这种非对应性给中国学生掌握英语动宾搭配造成了极大的困难,从而在英语的使用中,常常可以看到我国学生出现动宾搭配方面的错误。本文以含"擦"的动宾搭配为例,应用词汇化理论对中英文相对应表达式的词汇化过程进行描述和比对,得出以下结论:汉语的"擦"类事件对所涉及的因素,尤其是边缘性的因素并不敏感,而英语相同事件对所涉及到的边缘成分特别敏感,所以汉语不论在何种情况下动宾搭配都使用同一个动词"擦",而英语则根据事件所涉及的目的、工具、材料、程度等的不同而选用不同的动词。这一研究对语言教学和翻译都有较好的指导作用。

Chinese and English differ greatly in the use of verbs for their corresponding verb-noun collocation. Based on the lexicalization theory, this paper aims to uncover the deep mechanism leading to this difference. By comparing the verb-noun collocation including ＂Ca＂ with its corresponding English, we discover that Chinese and English show different degrees of sensitivity to peripheral factors in the process of lexicalization, resulting in different choices of verbs in construing the same event.