试论民族社会中的互惠交换模式

The Reciprocal Exchange Patterns in Different Ethnic Societies

互惠是人类社会出现最早并且存在时间最长和表现形式最丰富的一种交换类型,它不仅是许多前现代社会的交往原则和基本特征,即使在现代社会中也广泛存在并发挥着重要的作用。互惠交换模式不同于现代市场交换模式,而是有着其独特的性质与功能。对不同民族社会中互惠交换形式与功能的分析,有助于我们理解不同民族社会的不同结构。

Reciprocity is the type of exchange which has existed for a long time in human society and has the most a-bundant forms of expression, it is not only the communication principle and essential characteristic of pre-modern society, but also is widespread and important in modern society.The pattern of reciprocal exchange is different from modern market exchange;it has its own special nature and function.Analyzing the forms and function of reciprocal exchange in different ethnic societies is helpful for us to understand different structures of different ethnic societies.