农民专业合作社功能评价实证研究

Empirical Research of Farmer Cooperatives' Function Evaluation

近五年来,我国农民专业合作社数量急速增加,但专业功能不强。长期以来学术界对功能的量化研究比较薄弱。本文旨在定量研究合作社的功能发展问题。为实现这一目的,本文建立合作社功能评价的指标体系,并从合作社功能实现程度、农户需求程度、农户满意程度三个维度综合评价合作社功能发展水平。研究发现,目前合作社的大部分功能实现程度低、农户需要高、且农户满意度不高。其中,提供技术信息服务功能在三个评价维度上评价水平均比较高;农户需求维度评价结果显示,合作社需要大力发展的是生产资料采购、权益保障和信贷三项功能;农户满意度维度的评价结果中,得分最低的是信贷功能。最后,提出合作社功能发展策略:重点强化合作社的销售功能和信贷功能;继续发挥合作社提供技术信息这一功能优势;重视开发合作社权益保障功能;稳步推进合作社的生产物资采购和加工运送功能。

In recent five years, there has been extraordinary growth in the number of farmers＇ cooperatives in China, but their major functions which were not developed at the same pace, were not very strong. Until now, the quantitative study of its function was weak in Academia. The purpose of this paper was to quantitatively study the function of cooperative development. In order to achieve this purpose, this paper established the evaluation index system of cooperative function and evaluated the development level of farmer cooperatives＇ functions comprehensively through the following three dimensions, function realization degree, farmers＇ satisfaction degree and farmers＇ demand degree. The study found that at present most of the cooperatives＇ function was low in the implementation level, farmers＇ need has been a high level, but farmers＇ satisfaction is not high. Among all of the six functions, the function to provide technical information service all got a relatively high score in three different evaluation dimensions. From the perspective of farmers＇ demand, the cooperatives need to vigorously develop its following three functions, standardized, rights safeguard and credit. To farmers, the most unsatisfactory function was the credit function, the most sensitive function to farmers＇ satisfaction was the rights safeguard function. Finally, this research also proposed the development strategy of cooperative function development as follows. Treat sales and credit function as a key construction project. Attach great importance to the development of rights safeguard function, steadily push forward the standardization and processing and transportation functions with increasing investment.