无刷交流同步电机无位置传感器起动控制

Sensorless control strategy of brushless synchronous machine in start mode

针对无刷交流同步电机应用于飞机变频交流起动发电系统中作为起动机用存在的励磁和位置传感器问题,提出一种适用于无刷交流同步电机的无位置传感器起动控制技术。在分析单相交流励磁控制效果的基础上,结合无刷励磁同步电机工作原理,在起动初始,采用主电机感应电势法估计出转子初始位置;采用他控式加速方法,克服了无位置传感器无刷交流同步电机零速起动存在的问题;达到一定转速后,采用反电势过零点检测法获取转子位置信息,从而切换为自控式加速运行。通过实验样机验证了上述控制方法的可行性,实现了无刷交流同步电机全转速范围内的无位置传感器起动。

In order to overcome the difficulties of excitation and position sensing for brushless synchronous machine used as starter /generator in the variable frequency power system,a sensorless start method for the proposed machine was presented. Based on the excitation effect of single phase AC excitation and the operation principle of brushless synchronous machine,the induced voltage method was used for position detection of the rotor in the initial start process. Then,the external synchronization was used to accelerate the engine. When the zero-crossing of the back electromotive force（ EMF） can be detected,the proposed system operated in the self-synchronization mode. The effectiveness of the proposed sensorless control method in the whole speed range is validated by the experiment results.