信誉值得性与价值问题

Credit-worthiness and Value Problem

近来格雷科、里格斯、索萨等提出和辩护了信誉值得性理论,并以此说明知识的价值问题。本文首先讨论该理论所陷入的几种困境,包括听者是否拥有证言知识的信誉、认知信誉与能力运用的关联问题、信誉与运气的相容性、对价值问题的论证是否成立等;其次,本文讨论了该理论的辩护者与质疑者的相关论证所共同陷入的误区,最后基于科学研究的案例分析,坚持科学中信誉的归属性将为更好地理解信誉值得性提供一种可能的选择。

Recently,some scholars like John Greco,Wayne Riggs and Ernest Sosa propose and defend the theory of creditworthiness thus explaining the value problem.In this paper,the author discusses several challenges facing this theory,including whether a hearer owns the credit of testimonial knowledge,the correlation between one's epistemic credit and the application of his own cognitive abilities,the compatibility of one's epistemic credit with his luck,and the validity of value argumentation.Then the author briefly examines the misunderstanding that both the proponents and challengers of this theory have brought about in their argumentation.Finally,based on the case analysis of scientific studies,the author suggests that the credit attribution in science will provide a possible alternative for a better understanding of credit-worthiness.