水通道蛋白1蛋白和mRNA在羊水量异常的妊娠妇女胎盘及胎膜中的表达

Expressions of aquaporin 1 protein and mRNA in placenta and fetal membrane of pregnant women with amniotic fluid volume abnormality

目的:研究水通道蛋白1(AQP1)在足月正常妊娠及羊水量异常的妊娠妇女胎盘及胎膜中的定位及表达,探讨AQP1表达与羊水量异常的相关性及其与羊水调节的关系。方法:应用免疫组化SP法和实时荧光定量PCR技术分别检测AQP1蛋白与mRNA在羊水量过少(羊水过少组)、羊水量正常(正常对照组)及特发性羊水过多(羊水过多组)足月孕妇胎盘、羊膜及绒毛膜组织中的表达,每组20例。结果:AQP1蛋白在胎盘血管内皮细胞、羊膜上皮细胞及绒毛膜滋养细胞中均有表达。与正常对照组相比,羊水过少组羊膜组织中AQP1 mRNA的表达明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);正常对照组与羊水过少组胎盘组织和绒毛膜组织中AQP1 mRNA的表达差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与正常对照组相比,羊水过多组羊膜组织中AQP1 mRNA的表达明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);正常对照组与羊水过多组胎盘组织和绒毛膜组织中AQP1 mRNA的表达差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:当发生羊水量异常时,AQP1主要通过影响羊水的膜内吸收来维持羊水稳态平衡。胎盘、绒毛膜中的AQP1可能主要参与正常妊娠期间的羊水循环,对异常羊水量的调节作用较小。

Objective： To study the localizations and expressions of aquaporin 1 （ AQP1 ） in placenta and fetal membrane of normal full -term pregnant women and pregnant women with amniotic fluid volume abnormality, explore the correlation between AQP1 expression and amniotic fluid volume abnormality and its relationship with amniotic fluid regulation. Methods： Immunohistochemical SP method and real - time fluorescent quantitative PCR were used to detect the expressions of AQP1 protein and mRNA in placenta, amniotic membrane and chorion of full -term pregnant women with low amniotic fluid volume （low amuiotic fluid volume group）, normal amniotic fluid volume （normal control group） and idiopathic polyhydramnios （polyhydramnios group）, 20 pregnant women in each group. Results： AQP1 protein expressed in placental vascular endothelial cells, amniotic epithelial cells and chorial trophcytes. Compared with normal control group, the expression of AQP1 mRNA in amniotic membrane of low amniotic fluid volume group decreased significantly, there was statistically significant difference （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; there was no statistically significant difference in expressions of AQP1 mRNA in placenta and chorion between normal control group and low amniotic fluid volume group （P 〉 0. 05） . Compared with normal control group, the expression of AQP1 mRNA in amniotic membrane of polyhydramnios group increased significantly, there was statistically significant difference （P 〈 0. 05） ; there was no statistically significant difference in expressions of AQP1 mRNA in placenta and chorion between normal control group and polyhydramnios group （P 〉 0. 05） . Conclusion ： AQP1 maintains steady equlibrium state of amniotic fluid by affecting intramembranous absorption among the patients with amniotic fluid volume abnormality. AQP1 in placenta and chorion may be mainly involved in amniotic fluid circulation during normal pregnancy, its regulatory effect on amniotic fluid volume abnormality is small.