我国西洋参引种30年后遗传稳定性研究

Research on genetic stability to American ginseng introduced into China for 30 years

以人参及加拿大西洋参为对照,对我国14个产地的西洋参的遗传多样性进行分析,以了解我国西洋参引种30年后遗传稳定性是否发生了明显变异。应用了RAPD分子标记技术,POPGEN32数据分析,NTSYS2.10聚类图绘制。结果显示,各产地西洋参遗传多样性丰富,其中13条随机引物共扩增出多态性条带81条,多态性83.51%;有效等位基因数(Ne)1.456 7;Nei's基因多样性指数(H)0.274 8;Shannon's多样性信息指数(Ho)0.419 4。聚类分析可知,人参与西洋参分类明显,特别发现无人参生产的地区的西洋参与有人参生产的地区的西洋参可明显各聚一类,认为在遗传上未达到质的变异。因此提出吉林省西洋参要注意建立良种田,以保持种质纯净的建议。

To study the genetic stability of Panax quinquefolium after introduced into China for 30 years, the samples of P. quinquefolium from 14 regions of China were studied. RAPD molecular marker technology was applied in this research, and POP- GEN32 data analysis and NTSYS2.10 cluster diagram were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there are abundant genetic diversity in the ginseng samples. There were 81 polymorphic bands based on the 13 random primers. The polymorphism was 83.51%, the effective number of alleles （Ne） was 1. 456 7 ; Nei＇s gene diversity index （H） was 0.274 8 ; Shannon＇s diversity index （Ho） was 0.419 4. The clustering analyses indicated that P. quinquefolium and P. ginseng were classified into two obvious groups, especially, it was also found that the P. quinquefolium could be divided into two obvious groups based on whether the P. ginseng was cultivated in the same region or not, but it was thought that there was not genetically a qualitative difference. Thus it suggests that a good breeding field should be established in Jilin Province of China for the germplasm purification.