高粱上精异丙甲草胺安全剂的筛选

Screening of the Safeners for S-Metolachlor on Sorghum

为了降低除草剂精异丙甲草胺对高粱的药害，通过室内生物测定对高粱上施用精异丙甲草胺的安全剂进行研究。结果表明，二氯丙烯胺、AD 67种子处理对高粱生长有不同程度的抑制作用，不适合作为高粱上除草剂的安全剂。解草啶处理虽然对高粱安全，但无法有效缓解精异丙甲草胺对高粱的药害。解草酮5 g/kg及20 g/kg种子处理缓解效果较好，对高粱株高的缓解率分别为88．54％、77．14％，对鲜质量的缓解率分别为27．34％、40．66％；解草酮600～2400 g/hm2与精异丙甲草胺1200 g/hm2混合喷施，对高粱药害的缓解率为11．44％～34．73％，说明解草酮能够有效降低精异丙甲草胺对高粱的药害，提高高粱对精异丙甲草胺的耐药性。

The s-metolachlor had high injury risk on sorghum.The s-metolachlor’s safener on sorghum was researched by biological assay in this article.Four safeners,dichlormid,AD-67, fenclorim and benoxacor,were tested in the indoor conditions.The results showed that dichlormid and AD-6 7 seed treatment would inhibit the growth of sorghum shoot and were not suitable for sorghum as safeners.The fenclorim seed treatment was not effective to alleviate the phytotoxicity of s-metolachlor.Seed treatment of benoxacor（5 g/kg and 20 g/kg）protected sorghum seedlings from growth inhibition by s-metolachlor,with the plant height alleviation rate of 88.54% and 77.14%,and the fresh weight alleviation rate of 27.34% and 40.66%,respectively.When benoxacor（600-2 400 g/ha）and s-metolachlor（1 200 g/ha）were mixedly sprayed,the rate of phytotoxicity was reduced by 11.44%-34.73% compared to s-metolachlor single spraying.In conclusion,benoxacor can increase the resistance of sorghum to s-metolachlor.