孕期微量元素变化与妊娠不良结局相关性研究

Correlation study of trace elements changes in pregnancy and the adverse pregnancy outcome

目的：探究妊娠不良结局与微量元素的相关性，为临床预防、诊断、治疗妊娠不良结局寻找新的突破口。方法选择早期先兆流产（30例）、晚期先兆流产（30例）、早产（30例）和胎膜早破（30例）的孕妇分为 A、B、C 和 D 四组，另选健康孕妇120例为对照组，健康未孕妇女120例作为未孕组，用原子吸收分析法分析各组硒（ Se）、锰（ Mn）、铁（ Fe）、铜（ Cu）、锌（ Zn）的含量。结果 A 组、B 组、C 组和 D 组中的 Se、Cu 和Zn 元素含量明显低于对照组；A 组和 B 组中的 Mn 元素含量明显低于对照组；A 组、B 组和 C 组中的 Fe 元素含量明显低于对照组；对照组妇女的 Fe、Cu 浓度明显高于未孕组；对照组妇女的 Zn 浓度明显低于未孕组，差异均有统计学意义（ P ﹤0.05）。结论孕期各种微量元素（ Se、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn）的变化都会不同程度造成早期先兆流产、晚期先兆流产、早产和胎膜早破等妊娠不良结局，因此，妊娠孕妇要通过合理的膳食搭配以补充足够的微量营养素确保孕期健康。

Objective To investigate the relationship between trace elements and adverse out-comes of pregnancy,and find a new breakthrough for clinical prevention,diagnosis,treatment of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods The pregnant women with early threatened abortion（30 cases）,late threatened abortion（30 cases）,preterm birth（30 cases）and premature rupture of membranes（30 ca-ses）were divided into group A,B,C and D,and 120 cases of healthy pregnant women were selected as control group,120 healthy non pregnant women were served as non pregnant group. The levels of seleni-um（Se）,manganese（Mn）,iron（Fe）,copper（Cu）,zinc（Zn）content by atomic absorption of the two groups were analyzed. Results The levels of Se,Cu and Zn elements in group A,group B,group C and group D were significantly lower than those of the control group;The Mn content in group A and group B was significantly lower than that in the control group;The levels of Fe in group A,group B and group C were lower than those in the control group;The levels of Fe,Cu of women in the control group were significantly higher than those in non pregnant group;The concentration of Zn in control group was significantly lower than that in the non pregnant women group,the differences were statistically significant（P ﹤ 0. 05）. The concentration of Zn in control group was significantly lower than that in the non pregnant women group,the differences were statistically significant（P ﹤ 0. 05）. Conclusions The trace elements during pregnancy（Se,Mn,Fe variety,Cu,Zn）changes can cause different degrees of early threatened abortion,late threatened abortion,preterm delivery and premature rupture of membranes and other adverse pregnancy outcomes,therefore,pregnant women should have reasonable diets,in order to supplement enough micronutrients to ensure a healthy pregnancy.