农转非、农村背景与城镇居民收入差异 基于CGSS2008的实证研究

Past Rural Background and Income Differences:Empirical Study based on CGSS2008

本文使用2008年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,研究了个人成长的农村经历对个人收入的影响。本文发现拥有同样的城镇本地户籍但是成长在农村的个人收入比成长在城市的个人低约10%以上。子样本估计以及匹配方法估计表明在非选择性"农转非"群体、非国有集体部门、高中以下学历以及年龄在40岁以下的群体中这种差距尤为显著,收入差距达20%以上。本文的发现意味着在城市劳动力市场上可能存在着针对农村背景的非制度性歧视。

Despite huge amount of population with rural background migrate to cities during China＂ rapid urbanization, few studies have empirically examine whether and how rural background affects their income in the long run. Using CGSS2008, this paper examines the effects of rural background on individual income. The estimates show that people born and grown up in rural areas earns 10% significantly less than their counterparts who were born and grown up in urban areas, especially for those with non-selective Hukou switching, working in non-state sectors, with education of no more than high school, and with age smaller than 40 years old. Estimates from propensity score matching and bias corrected nearest neighborhood matching shows that our results are quite robust. These findings suggest that there may exist discrimination against rural background in the urban labor market in China.