旋转斜盘实现变量的轴向柱塞泵研究

Variable Displacement of Axial Piston Pump by Rotating Its Swash-plate

目的提出了一种旋转斜盘实现变量的轴向柱塞泵,研究了该泵的变量方式及排量变化规律,以及变量过程中的脉动情况。方法建立旋转斜盘型变量柱塞泵排量数学模型,对其工作原理进行论述,推导出旋转斜盘型柱塞泵的排量公式,绘制该泵随斜盘旋转角度变化的排量变化曲线;根据通轴式轴向柱塞泵的结构特点,设计旋转斜盘型柱塞泵的变量结构,并对斜盘进行了受力分析,得出其转矩计算公式;推导出柱塞泵的瞬时流量计算公式,并绘制瞬时流量变化曲线,将旋转斜盘型变量泵和调节斜盘倾角型变量泵的流量脉动率进行了对比分析。结果旋转斜盘型柱塞泵的排量与斜盘相对配流盘旋转角度之间的关系为余弦变化关系,当斜盘相对配流盘旋转角度由0°向90°增大时,该泵的流量逐渐减小,但脉动系数逐渐增大。结论旋转斜盘型变量柱塞泵可以实现变量及换向,但是在调节流量时脉动系数会发生较大变化,需要进一步克服该缺陷。

Objective To put forward an axial piston pump, the flow of which could be changed through rotating its swash-plate, to study the flow changing manner and the displacement variation rule of the pump, as well as the pulsations of the pump during flow change. Methods The mathematical model of the rotating-swash-plate axial piston pump was built, and its working principle was explored. The displacement formula of the axial piston pump was deduced, and the variation curve of the pump displacement with the rotation angle was drawn. According to the structural features of the through-shaft axial piston pump, the flow changing structure of rotating-swash-plate axial piston pump was designed. The torque of swash-plate was calculated through analyzing the force of swash-plate when it was rotated, and finally got the formula for torque. According to the single plunger instantaneous displacement analysis diagram of axial piston pump, we got the formula of single plunger instantaneous displacement, and finally we got the instantaneous flow rate simulation curve of the rotating-swash-plate axial piston pump and the varying-angle axial piston pump with the help of computer. The pulsations of the rotating-swash-plate axial piston pump and the varying-angle axial piston pump were comparatively analyzed. Results The relationship of the flow of the swash-plate axial piston pump and the angle of swash-plate rotation was a cosine relationship. When the rotation angle of the swash-plate was increased from 0 degree to 90 degrees, the pump＇ s flow decreased, while the pump＇ s pulsation increased. Conclusion Swash-plate axial piston pump could achieve changing and reversing its flow, but the pump＇ s pulsation would change greater when adjusting the flow. In the further research, the limitation of the rotating-swash-plate axial piston pump should be overcome.