我院2011—2012年注射剂不良反应分析

Adverse drug reactions of injection during 2011-2012 at Foshan TCM Hospital

目的总结我院近年的注射药品不良反应（Adverse Drug Reaction，ADR）的规律和特点，减少注射剂不良反应对患者的危害，确保临床用药安全、有效。方法对我院2011至2012年度因临床使用注射剂出现ADR的275例患者，对性别、年龄、给药途径、药物种类、可疑药品及临床表现等方面进行回顾性统计分析。结果275例报告中，青壮年、中老年分别为54．18％和36．00％；主要为静滴方式占91．27％；主要为抗生素占47．64％，其次为中药制剂占21．45％，而抗生素中头孢菌类占52．67％，喹诺酮类占19．85％。结论我院注射剂ADR的发生与患者性别差异无统计学意义，年龄分布较广；给药途径以静滴为首要；药品以抗菌药物及中药制剂为主。临床应合理使用抗菌药物和中药注射剂，减少ADR的发生。

Objective To reduce the risks of adverse drug reactions （ADRs） and to safely and effectively use drugs in clinic analyzing the characteristics of the ADRs of injection during 2011-2012 at our hospital. Methods 275 patients with ADRs caused by using injection during 2011-2012 at Foshan TCM Hospital were selected. The patients＇ age, sex, drug categories, main ways of medication, suspected drugs, and clinical manifestations were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the reported 275 cases of ADRs, 132 were male, and 143 female; 54.18% were young adults, and 36.00% old. Intravenous infusion was the main way for drug administration, accounting for 91.27%. 47.64% occurred in infusing antibiotics, and 21.45% in infusing traditional Chinese medicine. In antibiotic related ADRs reports, cephalosporin and quinolone accounted for 52.67% and 19.85%, respectively. Conclusions There was no statistical difference of sex in the ADRs reports. The patients＇ age range was wide. Most ADRs of the patients were caused by intravenous infusion with antibiotics and traditional Chinese medicine. So we suggest that antibiotic medicine and traditional Chinese medicine should be carefully used in the way of intravenous infusion and must follow the clinical indications to reduce the incidence of ADRs.