对首发精神分裂症患者进行沟通训练的研究

The influence of communication training on rehabilitation in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

目的探讨沟通训练对首发精神分裂症患者康复的影响。方法选取我院住院的首发精神病患者120例，按住院单双号分成两组，每组60例，两组均给予常规抗精神病药物治疗，研究组在此基础上进行沟通训练，观察6周。于训练前及训练6周末，应用BPRS评分量表、DASⅡ评定量表、社会功能评定量表（SSPI）评定训练对患者康复的影响。结果两组BPRS评分于训练3周及6周末均显著下降（P〈0．01），研究组干预后更显著低于对照组（P〈0．01），对照组则无显著变化（P〉0．5）；DASⅡ总分及社交各项因子分均较培训前明显下降（P〈0．05）,其中DASⅡ总分和与人相处方面改善差异有极其显著意义（P〈0．01）；SSPI评分各因子分均显著优于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论通过对首次住院精神病患者进行沟通训练，能显著提高患者的沟通能力，对于提升患者的自信心，促进患者参加人际交往都有积极作用，是一项有效地精神康复计划之一。

Objective To explore the influence of communication training on rehabilitation in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Methods 120 eases of first-episode schizophrenia in our hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to hospitalization odd and even number, 60 cases in each group. Two groups were both given conventional antipsychotic drug therapy, study group received communication training for 6 weeks on the basis of it. Evaluated the influence of training on patients＇ rehabilitation with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS）, WHO Disability Assessment Schedule （WHO- DAS Ⅱ ）, SSPI before and 6 weeks after training. Results BPRS score in both two groups significantly decreased at the 3rd and 6th weekend after training （P 〈 0.01）, BPRS score in study group was significantly lower than that in control group after training （P 〈 0.01）, without significant change in control group （P 〉 0.05）. DAS Ⅱ aggregate score and various social factor points were significantly lower than those before training （P 〈 0.05）, of which DAS Ⅱ aggregate score and getting along with people factor point significantly improved （P 〈 0.01）. Each factor point of SSPI score in study group was significantly better than that in control group （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions Communicate training in allusion to patients with first-episode schizophrenia can significantly improve patient＇s ability to communicate and confidence, promote patients to participate in interpersonal communication, which is an effective mental rehabilitation program.