大型民用飞机涡扇发动机采购成本研究

Procurement Cost Analysis of the Turbofan Engine of Large Civil Aircraft

通过查阅大量国内外相关文献资料和报道,并结合作者的工作经验,首先探索了大型民用飞机发动机的研制和批生产成本的分析方法和计算模型,估算了市场上新型发动机的研制成本和批生产成本。然后提出了大型民用飞机发动机的基本价格计算方法,利用市场上新型涡扇发动机的参数进行计算分析,并结合飞机的基本价格进行了比较分析。在分析发动机成本、基本价格和市场竞争情况的基础上,分析了实际采购价格策略。研究表明,在市场经济条件下,发动机采购成本估算应采用"市场定价"准则。提出的方法合理,计算简便易用,精度能满足实际需要。可以为中国研制大飞机项目提供参考,同时也可以为航空公司在选择和采购发动机时提供参考,以便合理估算大型民用飞机涡扇发动机的采购成本。

The purpose of the paper is to improve the method available for estimating the procurement cost of tur-bofan engines for large civil aircraft. A new approach to analyze the R＆D cost and production cost is studied based on the domestic and foreign studies. The newly developed turbofans are used to evaluate the accuracy of the meth-od. Engine list price is the reference to the market price. Procurement price is mainly determined by the market competition situation. Procurement price could be at big discount based on the negotiation between the engine man-ufacturers and the customers. Launching customers, big leasing companies and big airlines （ groups） tend to have big discount. Pricing practice of Rolls-Royce＇s aero engines is studied as an example of buying big civil turbofan engines. The results show that the estimation methodology of procurement cost is rational;the calculation is simple and practical;the precision of the calculations is accepted for the real requirements.