基于实时定位系统的首饰用蝴蝶链自动成型机器的研制

Research and Development of Automatic Forming Machine Based on Real-time Positioning System for Butterfly Chain in Jewelry

近年,蝴蝶链作为一种新型的贵金属首饰链出现于珠宝市场上,贵金属首饰加工企业期望开发出高效智能的新型加工设备,从而实现自动化生产加工。本文以实现首饰用蝴蝶链自动成型为研究目的,通过设计制作冲压机构、检测定位机构、走链机构、电控箱等基础硬件和基于实时定位系统的控制软件,实现毛坯链的自动走链、实时检测和准确冲压,完成蝴蝶链的自动成型。结果表明,在实时定位装置和嵌入式系统的控制下,研制的蝴蝶链自动成型机器能够准确、高效地完成蝴蝶链的自动化生产要求,成品已经达到企业规模化加工的质量标准,加工现场使用效果良好。

This paper introduces the research and development of automatic forming machine for butterfly chain in jewelry based on real-time positioning system, and detailedly focuses on the design principle, components, operation method of the automatic forming machine for butterfly chain. Finally the machine is tested by putting into factory production line. This machine works on the principle of the real-time positioning. Under the control of the embedded system, it can coordinate the entire machine with the chain feeding, detecting, stamping etc. The whole equipment includes stamping institutions, mounting rack, detecting agency, position-fixing agency, chain collecting institutions, bench and control box. Stamping institution includes punch, electromagnetic clutch and stamping die. The electromagnetic clutch is installed on the punch as an auxiliary part. This institution is mainly used to provide instantaneous momentum, which drives the hammer to fast extrude the chain link to complete the forging process. The detecting agency consists of infrared detectors,which can accurately detect the position of the link in different directions, processing the chain completely at one time chains feeding, thus reducing material wear and avoiding destroying the processed chain. The position-fixing agency consists of feeding conduit, shock absorber, chain detecting port fixed guide hole and chain collecting port fixed guide hole. Location of these two fixed guide hole is adjustable in vertical position. The holes size is also adjustable to adapt to different dimensions of the chain. The chain collecting institutions are installed on the chain collecting port vertical plate, including stepping motor, chain collecting wheel with a chain scraper. Processed chains are collected into the collecting hole at last. This paper also introduces the operating method of the automatic forming machine for butterfly chain processing, including only a few simple manual manipulation procedures, namely the loading for unprocessed chain in the beginning and align the pressing point, the starting of the machine. This machine uses infrared detecting and software programming control technology to realize real-time coordinating each circuit module with the pre-determined logic function orderly. The machine itself can intelligently detect the chain position continuously according to the actual length of the chain link. Feeding amount precision is effectively maximized while the unprocessed chain is approaching to its pressing point and dimension errors caused by link length difference are reduced. After being assembled and tested, automatic forming machine for butterfly chain can locate precisely and yield whole butterfly chain. That repeating experiments and practical application in factory showed that the butterfly chain products could possess precise size, beautiful shape with low rejection rate, and it has reached the requirements for the large-scale standardized and automatic production in factory. This machine is easy to operate by workers and one can watch several running machines at the same time. With highly productive efficiency and good effects, the machine has successfully served in producing workshop in precious metal jewelry processing enterprises, and it is of profound practical application significance.