原料NiO粉末对燃料电池Ni/SDC阳极材料微结构和性能的影响

Effect of NiO Powder on the Microstructure and Performances of Ni/SDC Anode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

分别采用商用氧化镍和煅烧碱式碳酸镍所得氧化镍粉末与Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ(SDC)粉末混合,经压制烧结制得燃料电池NiO/SDC阳极烧结体,经H2还原后得到Ni/SDC金属陶瓷阳极材料,考察了不同NiO原料和加入量对阳极烧结体和阳极材料的微结构及相关性能的影响,还对以Ni/SDC为阳极构建的燃料电池单电池的性能进行了测试。实验结果表明:煅烧碱式碳酸镍所得NiO粉末和商用NiO粉末的平均粒径分别约为1.1μm和8μm,前者更为均匀细小;由煅烧碱式碳酸镍所得NiO所制备的Ni/SDC阳极材料具有更高的电导率,含40%NiO的阳极材料(S-Ni/40SDC),在H2气氛中的电导率可达117.5 S·cm-1。以煅烧碱式碳酸镍所得的NiO制备的NiO/SDC为阳极,SDC为电解质,(Y0.5Ca0.5)BaCo3ZnO7-50SDC为阴极的单电池在700℃下的最大输出功率达225 mW/cm2,开路电压为0.85 V,电池性能优于以商用NiO为阳极原料所构建的单电池。

NiO /SDC composites were prepared by pressing powder mixes of NiO and Ce0. 8Sm0. 2O2-δ（SDC） and sintering. Two types of NiO with different particle size and shapes were used. Ni/SDC cermets were obtained by reducing the NiO /SDC composites in H2. The microstructure and performances of both the NiO /SDC composites and the Ni /SDC cermets were tested,and single cells based on the NiO /SDC anode were constructed and tested. The results indicate that NiO powders obtained by calcining basic nickel carbonate have finer particles size than the commercial NiO powders,and the electrical conductivity the of the S-Ni /40 SDC test in H2 atmosphere is about 117. 5 S·cm- 1. The single cell which consists NiO /SDC that used NiO prepared by calcinating basic nickel carbonate as anode material,SDC as electrolyte and（Y0. 5Ca0. 5）BaCo3ZnO7-50 SDC as cathode dilivers a maximum power density at 700 ℃of about 225 mW /cm2,and the open circuit voltage of the cell is about 0.85 V,much higher than the single cell that constructed by commercial NiO as raw material.