美国军队战伤救治发展及启示

Development of US military combat casualty care and its revelation

美国军队在伊拉克和阿富汗战争中,制定了战术战伤救治技术指南,将技术与战术相结合,显著改善了紧急救治的成功率,并借鉴平时创伤系统的经验,形成了联合战场创伤系统,通过循证医学的方法,制定了大量实用的临床实践指南,对重症救治起到了关键的作用,使美军战伤存活率达到历史最高。我军应借鉴美军成功经验,开展循证、评估和训练研究,提升战伤救治的能力和水平。

During Iraq and Afghanistan war,the American military developed tactical combat casualty care guideline,which combined medical care with tactics and successfully improved emergent combat casualty care.The joint theater trauma system was developed based on the civilian trauma system and clinical practice guidelines implemented based on the evidence-based medicine,which played a key role in critical combat casualty care.In this war,the survivability of those injured on the battlefield is an unprecedented highest level.Based on the US successful experiences,we should address evidence-based medicine,evaluative and training research for improving our combat casualty care capacity and effiency.