八种抗精神病药物治疗女性精神分裂症患者的疗效及不良反应分析

Effectiveness and adverse reactions of eight kinds of antipsychotics in the treatment of female patients with schizophrenia

目的观察八种抗精神病药对女性精神分裂症患者的疗效及不良反应。方法共纳入685例女性精神分裂症患者,分别接受奥氮平（10~30 mg/天）、喹硫平（500~750 mg/天）、利培酮（2~5.5 mg/天）、阿立哌唑（15~30 mg/天）、氟哌啶醇（10～30 mg/天）、氯氮平（150～450 mg/天）、舒必利（0.6～1.2/天）、齐拉西酮（80～160 mg/天）治疗,观察疗效和不良反应。结果八种抗精神病药对女性精神分裂症患者的疗效无显著性差异,对女性患者代谢的影响从大到小依次为氯氮平、奥氮平、喹硫平、氟哌啶醇、利培酮、齐拉西酮、舒必利、阿立哌唑;对女性患者内分泌影响最明显的是利培酮和舒必利;药源性焦虑以利培酮出现的比率最高;导致女性患者排尿困难最常见于阿立哌唑。结论应根据患者的不同年龄、对药物的疗效及不良反应出现的个体差异,做到用药个体化。

Objective To observe antipsychotic efficacy and adverse reactions of eight kinds of drugs to female patients with schizophrenia. Methods Participants included 685 female patients with schizophrenia,accepted olanzapine（ 10 ～ 30 mg /day）,quetiapine（ 500～ 750 mg /day）,risperidone（ 2 ～5. 5 mg /day）,aripiprazole azole（ 15 ～ 30 mg /day）,haloperidol（ 10 to 30 mg /day）,clozapine（ 150 ～450 mg /day）,sulpiride（ 0. 6 ～ 1. 2 /day）,and ziprasidone（ 80 ～160 mg/day） respectively,and curative effect and adverse reactions were observed. Results The effects of eight antipsychotic drugs in female schizophrenic patients had no significant difference. The effect on metabolism from large to small were as clozapine,olanzapine,quetiapine,haloperidol,risperidone,ziprasidone,sulpiride,aripiprazole; And risperidone and sulpiride had the most obvious effect on endocrine,while the highest rate of drug-induced anxiety appeared in which with risperidone,and dysuria was the most common in which with aripiprazole. Conclusion Individualized medication should be adopted according to the age,individual differences of effectiveness and adverse reactions in female patients with schizophrenia.