高速列车车体气动载荷疲劳强度试验装置研究

Device of aerodynamic load fatigue test for high-speed train body

研制车体交变气动载荷试验装置,利用该装置对新造车体进行疲劳强度试验,讨论车体交变气动载荷疲劳试验加载方法、压力、压力波形与周期、加载次数等参数,并完成车体交变气动载荷疲劳试验装置方案及数据采集系统方案设计;将合武铁路现场测得的CRH2型动车组以250 km/h速度过隧道时车内外压力差曲线与该试验装置测得的压力曲线进行比较。研究结果表明:车内外压力差曲线与该试验装置测得的压力曲线基本吻合,该试验装置可真实模拟列车高速通过隧道时车体承受的交变气动载荷,为研究新造高速列车车体在交变气动载荷作用下的疲劳强度特性提供了重要的试验手段,建议我国新造车体按其实际运行过程中承受的交变气动载荷加载进行疲劳强度试验。

A device able to generate repeated changing pressure in the car body was researched and used in fatigue strength experiment of new car bodies. The parameters related to car body alternating aerodynamic load fatigue test, such as loading method, loading time, pressure value, pressure waveform and cycle were discussed and the device design and data acquisition system were designed. The pressure curves inside and outside car measured by full-scale test when CRH2 passes through tunnel at the speed of 250 km/h in He-Wu railway were compared with the pressure curves measured by the test device. The results show that the two groups of data achieve the basic agreement well. Besides, the experimental device can simulate the alternating aerodynamic load when high-speed train passes through the tunnel, which provides a significant test means for the research of car body fatigue properties under alternating aerodynamic load. And it is suggested that China’s new car body should take fatigue strength test according to the actual alternating aerodynamic load in the operation.