抗阻运动的睾酮应答

Androgen responses to resistance exercise

背景:抗阻运动雄激素应答是运动科学领域的研究热点,目前关于抗阻运动雄激素应答的研究结果表现不同,总体表现为不同抗阻运动干预下雄激素变化趋势不同。目的:全面了解目前抗阻运动对人体雄激素应答的影响,描述抗阻运动雄激素应答的研究进展。为抗阻运动训练监控提供理论依据。方法:电子检索美国生物医学文献数据库PubMed 1986至2013年收录的抗阻运动激素应答的相关综述及论文报告,共纳入46篇文献分析抗阻运动雄激素应答的进展。结果与结论:研究表明举重(抓举、挺举)、深蹲、硬拉与小肌肉群相比较能产生更多的睾酮水平升高,在相同的相对负荷下,离心收缩和向心收缩产生同样的激素应答。充足的训练量和强度能确切的改变循环睾酮水平,短间歇时间比长间歇时间更能产生睾酮应答性升高。研究发现运动前后青年组较老年组游离睾酮升高明显。补充营养会影响抗阻训练的急性睾酮应答。改变运动强度和运动量会产生安静睾酮浓度改变,但恢复正常训练时,睾酮浓度回到基础值。抗阻运动能上调人类骨骼肌雄激素受体含量。

BACKGROUND：The androgen response to resistance exercise is one of hot topics in sports science research. At present, the androgen responses to resistance exercise show different results. There are different androgen changing trends under different resistance exercise interventions. OBJECTIVE：To have a deep insight into the influence of resistance exercise on the response of human body androgen, clarify research progress in androgen response to resistance exercise, and provide the basic theory for monitoring resistance training. METHODS：Literatures and paper reports about androgen response to resistance exercise are electronical y retrieved from the American Biological Medical Literature Database PubMed from 1986 and 2013. Final y 46 literatures addressing the research progress is analyzed about androgen responses to resistance exercise were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Studies have shown that, weight lifting （power snatch and power clean）, squating, and deadlifting produced higher testosterone levels than the smal muscle groups. Under the same load, eccentric and concentric contractions produced the same hormone response. Adequate training amount and intensity may change the circulating testosterone levels. Short sports intermittent time led to a higher testosterone response than the long intermittent time. The free testosterone levels in youth group were significantly increased compared with the older group before and after exercise. Nutrition intervention affected acute testosterone responses to resistance exercise. Changes in exercise intensity and amount wil alter quiet testosterone levels, once returned to normal training, testosterone levels wil return to baseline values. Resistance exercise can increase androgen receptor content in human skeletal muscles.