艾滋病感染者和患者配偶调查结果分析

Survey on People Lived With HIV /AIDS and Their Spouses

目的了解艾滋病感染者和患者配偶的艾滋病感染率和抗体阳转率等,为制定有针对性的防控措施提供依据。方法对409名艾滋病感染者和患者的配偶进行基线调查,收集社会人口学资料、艾滋病相关知识、性行为等信息,采血检测HIV抗体,并进行宣教咨询、发放安全套等干预。半年后对138名基线调查中HIV抗体检测为阴性的配偶进行随访调查。结果基线时调查对象艾滋病知识知晓率为69.9%;80.3%最近半年与配偶发生过性行为,50.2%未每次使用安全套;艾滋病抗体检测阳性率为34.7%。随访时调查对象的艾滋病知识知晓率上升为98.6%;84.1%最近半年与配偶发生过性行为,其中仅有2名随访调查对象未每次使用安全套;138名随访调查对象HIV抗体阳转率为0.7%。结论宣传干预与随访管理,在预防艾滋病经婚内性途径传播起着积极的作用,同时要加强单阳配偶抗病毒治疗,以降低配偶间传播的风险。

Objective To investigate the HIV prevalence and positive seroconversion rate among people lived with HIV /AIDS（PLWHA） and their spouses,and to provide references for formulating strategies on HIV /AIDS prevention and control. Methods Altogether 409 PLWHA and their spouses were investigated to collect baseline information,including demographic information,knowledge of HIV /AIDS,sexual behaviors,etc.,and their blood samples were conducted anti- HIV antibody detection; after which,interventions of health education,counseling and promoting of condom use were carried out towards them. Follow- up survey was conducted for the HIV negative spouses six months later. Results In the baseline survey,the awareness rate of HIV was 69. 9%; 80. 3% of the informants had sexual behavior with their spouses in the last six months,among which 50. 2% didn＇t use condoms for every time; the HIV positive rate was 34. 7%. In the follow- up survey,the awareness rate of HIV rose up to 98. 6%;84. 1% of the subjects had sexual behavior with their spouses in the last six months and only two of the them didn＇t use condom for every time. The HIV positive seroconversion rate was 0. 7%. Conclusion Health intervention and case management can play an active role in prevention HIV transmission between spouses. Furthermore,antiviral therapy for the HIV positive spouses need to be strengthened to reduce the HIV transmission risk between spouses.