2009-2011年十堰市H5与H9亚型禽流感检测结果分析

Detection Results of Avian Influenza H5 and H9 Subtype in Shiyan City,2009-2011

目的了解禽流感病毒H5与H9亚型在不同场所外环境的分布状况,为禽流感防控提供依据。方法在2009-2011年间,选择十堰市内与禽类有接触的5类场所,按季度采集不同种类的标本373份,采用Real-time PCR方法对标本进行禽流感病毒特异性核酸检测,结果使用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果检测标本中甲型流感病毒(FluA)的检出率为16.09%,H5亚型检出率为7.51%,H9亚型检出率为6.7%,H5+H9亚型检出率为4.56%,H5与H9亚型差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.067,P=0.796>0.05);不同标本种类之间检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=45.816,P<0.05),鸡内脏FluA、H5、H9和H5+H9检出率依次为40%、18.33%、16.67%和11.67%;不同的采样场所对检出率有影响(χ2=91.241,P<0.05),活禽农贸市场与大型家禽屠宰厂FluA、H5、H9和H5+H9检出率为64%、36%、34%、32%与42.5%、25%、20%、5%,采样季节对FluA总检出率无影响(χ2=6.780,P=0.079>0.05)。结论十堰市流行着H5与H9亚型禽流感病毒,接触禽类内脏及活禽农贸市场和大型家禽屠宰厂是感染禽流感的高危因素。

Objective To study the distribution of avian influenza H5 and H9 subtype in external environmental,and thus to provide references for prevention and control the avian influenza. Methods Altogether 373 samples were collected from five different kind of places in Shiyan city during 2009- 2011 and then the samples were detected by Real- time PCR methods,the results of which were analyzed by SPSS17. 0. Results The detection rates of the FluA type,H5 subtype,H9 subtype and H5- H9 subtype were respectively 16. 09%,7. 51%,6. 7% and 4. 56%. There was no statistical difference in detection rates between H5 and H9 subtype（ χ2=0. 067,P〉 0. 05）; there was statistical difference in detection rates among different kinds of sample type（χ2= 45. 816,P〈 0. 05）; the detection rates of the FluA,H5,H9 and H5- H9 subtype in chicken internal or-gans were respectively 40%, 18. 33, 16. 67% and11. 67%; there was significant difference in different places（χ2= 91. 241,P〈 0. 05）; the detection rates of the FluA,H5,H9 and H5- H9 subtype in the urban and rural live avian markets and the poultry slaughtering and processing factory were respectively 64%,36%,34%,32% and 42. 5%,25%,20%,5%; there were no statistical difference in the detection rates in different seasons（χ2= 6. 780,P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The H5 and H9 subtypes of avian influenza virus simultaneously prevailed in external environment in Shiyan; contact with avian internal organs,the urban and rural live avian markets,the poultry slaughtering and processing factories were the high risk factors for being infected by the avian influenza.