羽毛中脂质对羽毛角蛋白降解的影响

Effects of lipid in feathers on degrading feathers by B. licheniformis CP-16

研究旨在探讨羽毛结构中的脂质对地衣芽孢杆菌CP-16降解羽毛的影响。通过制备天然羽毛粉和脱脂羽毛粉,比较地衣芽孢杆菌CP-16发酵液和该菌产4种蛋白酶(P-Glu、P-Alk、P-Trx、P-Ker)角蛋白酶活性的变化,发现羽毛的脱脂处理可明显提高蛋白酶水解角蛋白速度,其中,CP-16发酵液、P-Alk、P-Ker均提高近1倍,P-Glu和P-Trx提高了约2倍,并发现地衣芽孢杆菌CP-16发酵上清液和胞内液均有脂肪酶活性,分别为6.8 U/ml和1.1 U/ml。添加外源脂肪酶对CP-16菌降解天然羽毛有抑制作用,而对降解脱脂羽毛无影响。这说明地衣芽孢杆菌CP-16可能存在分泌脂类水解酶水解脂质降解羽毛的机制。

This experiment was conducted to study effects of lipid in feathers on degrading feathers by B.licheniformis CP-16. Through the preparation of natural feather powder and degreased feather powder, it compared the changes of the keratinase activity of B. licheniformis CP-16 fermented liquid and four proteases （P-Glu, P-Alk, P-Trx, P-Ker） and found that degreasing treatment to feathers can obviously increase the speed of hydrolyzing feather keratinby 100 % of the B. lieheniformis CP-16 fermented liquid, P-Alk, P-Ker ,200 % of P-Glu and P-Trx. Meantime this study found that B. lieheniformis fermentation supernatant and intraeellular fluid had the lipase activity with 6.8 U/ml and 1.1 U/ml. Adding exogenous lipase had inhibitory effect on natural feather degradation of B. licheniformis CP- 16; but had no effect on degreasing feathers degradation. This indicated that B. licheniformis CP-16 could secrete some enzymes to hydrolyze lipid to speed feather degradation.