青脆李花粉生活力及贮藏性研究

Study on the Storage of Pollen Viability of Qingcui Plum

【目的】探索不同因素对青脆李花粉生活力及萌发率的影响。【方法】以青脆李花粉为试材,通过TTC法研究了不同发育阶段、干燥方式、贮藏条件、贮藏时间4个因素对青脆李花粉生活力的影响,并采用培养基萌发法观察花粉萌发过程及植物生长调节剂对花粉萌发的作用。【结果】青脆李盛花期花粉生活力,明显高于初花期和末花期;室内自然阴干的花粉生活力平均高于干燥器干燥的花粉生活力;常温、0、4及-18℃条件下贮藏的花粉平均生活力随温度降低呈升高趋势;花粉生活力随贮藏时间的增长逐渐减弱,-18℃贮藏30d的花粉生活力可达35.3%;6-BA对花粉萌发有抑制作用,适宜浓度的2,4-D(20mg/L)可促进花粉萌发。【结论】盛花期花粉自然阴干是花粉的最佳采集方式,而长时间贮藏则以低温保存为宜。

[Objective] The aim of the study was to investigate effects of different factors on pollen viability and germination rate of Qingcui plum. [Method] The effects of development stage, desiccating methods, storage condition and time on pollen viability of Qingcui plum were investigated by TTC method. The pollen germination process and effect of growth substance on pollen activity were observed based on medium. [Results] Pollen viability of Qingcui plum in the flowering season was higher compared to the beginning and ending of blooming period. Pollen viability by natural drying was higher than that by drying in desiccator. Pollen viability tended to increase with decreasing temperature （room temperature, 0, 4 and --18℃）. In addition, pollen viability tended to decrease with storage time. The pollen viability in --18 ℃ for 30 days was 35.3%. Pollen germination was inhibited by 6-BA but 20 mg/L of 2,4-D stimulated pollen germination. [Conclusion] Natural drying during the flowering season was the best method for pollen collection. However, low temperature was optimal for long-term storage.