WTO《SPS协议》下植物检疫措施标准执行判定误区的探讨

Misunderstanding in Application and Judgment of Standards of Plant Quarantine Measures under SPS Agreement of WTO

国际植物保护组织(IPPC)秘书处是植物保护领域国际合作的多边协议组织和协调工具,同时也是WTO《SPS协议》下唯一的植物检疫措施标准制订组织。该组织制定的ISPM第15号出版物中明确指出国际上普遍使用的木质包装检疫处理措施标准,各缔约国均执行该标准。该标准执行已经10年,但在实际执行过程中存在着严重的判定误区,这个不规范的做法可能直接导致检疫处理失败并且有产生疫情传播的风险。研究人员在对数据整理分析过程中对这个意外的发现产生了极大的兴趣,并通过科学的方法提出了解决问题的建议,更希望将这个建议作为国际植物检疫措施标准执行与判定的依据。

The Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention （IPPC） is an organizing and coordinating tool on multi-lateral agreement for international cooperation in the field of plant protection, and also the only organization to formulate standards of plant quarantine measures under the ＂SPS Agreement＂of WTO. The No. 15 publication of ISPM developed by the organization clearly specifies the standards of quarantine treatment measures for wood packaging commonly used worldwide, and all contracting parties apply the standards. The standards have been applied for decades, but there exists in the actual application process serious misunderstanding in judgment, which is not a standardized practice and may directly result in failure of quarantine treatment and risk of spread of epidemic. The unexpected discovery of it in the process of data sorting and analysis aroused great interest for Song Jie and researchers, who put forward suggestions on solution with scientific methods. It is strongly hoped that their proposal will be the basis for application and judgment of the international standards of plant quarantine measures.