1株广谱拮抗菌的分离鉴定及其抗菌活性成分分析

Isolation and identification of a broad spectrum antagonistic bacteria and its antibiotic component analysis

从烟–稻–(油)多年轮作的耕地土壤中分离得到1株广谱拮抗菌HMI–23,对水稻立枯丝核菌、油菜核盘菌、青枯雷尔氏菌具有强烈抑制作用。经过16S rDNA的序列比对,初步认为该菌为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。该菌株发酵液抑菌活性对温度、紫外线和蛋白酶K不敏感,基因组中含有多个已知脂肽抗生素合成相关基因,脂肽粗提物亦对立枯丝核菌、核盘菌、雷尔氏菌有强烈的抑制作用。质谱分析结果表明,该粗提取物中可能含有多种已知的脂肽,如伊枯草菌素A、抗霉枯草菌素B、杆菌霉素D、丰原素B等。

A strain of Bacillus sp. named HMI-23, which has been identified as a member of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by 16S rDNA analysis, and exhibited extensive antagonistic ability on Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Ralstonia solanacearum was isolated from tobacco-rice-rape rotation soil. The inhibition ability of HMI-23 fermentation broth supernatant was insensitive to proteinase K, ultraviolet ray and high temperature. Four kinds of lipopeptides synthesis related genes have been detected in the genome of strain HMI-23 by PCR. The lipopeptides crude extract of HMI-23, which may contain several known lipopeptide including iturin A, mycosubtilin B, bacillomycin D, and fengycin B by LC/MS analysis, have strong ability to inhibit plant pathogens, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Ralstonia solanacearum.