有机无机肥配施对棉花养分吸收及氮素效率的影响

Effects of organic manure application combined with chemical fertilizers on nutrients absorption and nitrogen efficiency of cotton in Xinjiang,China

新疆棉花连作田间小区试验，研究有机无机肥不同方式配施对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收、产量及氮素利用效率的影响。结果表明，有机无机肥配施在棉花生长中后期可以显著提高干物质累积及养分吸收量，与单施化肥处理相比，不同有机无机肥配施可以保持或提高棉花产量，提高棉花单株铃数和单铃重；有机无机肥配施还可以提高棉花氮素效率，氮素回收率可达到28．2％～57．7％，偏生产率提高了17．1％～76．3％。有机无机肥配施不仅可以使棉花稳产、高产，而且提高了氮肥利用效率，该结论可为肥料的科学合理施用提供重要依据。

A field experiment was carried out on the soil of continuous cotton cropping in Xinjiang,and the effects of organic fertilizer and chemic fertilizer combined application on cotton dry matter accumulation,nutrients absorption, cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied .The results showed that organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake in the middle or later period of cotton .Compared with chemical fertilizer treatment,different ratio of organic and chemical fertilizers combined application maintained or increased cotton production,improved number and weight of cotton boll .This application method improved the efficiency of nitrogen,ni-trogen recovery rate up to 28 .2%~57 .7%,partial productivity from 17 .1%to 76 .3%.In conclusion,the organic fer-tilizer and inorganic fertilizers combined application could not only make the cotton production stable,but also improve nitrogen use efficiency .