抗战时期重庆银行业发展困境探析——以川康平民商业银行为中心

Analysis of the Bank Industry in Chongqing During the Anti-Japanese War ChuanKang Civilians Commercial Banks as the Center

抗战时期，重庆银行业发生了显著的变化，国民政府迁都重庆，重庆成为全国的政治经济文化中心。一方面，大量银行（特别是商业银行）内迁重庆，既给重庆带来了机遇，促使重庆本地的银行业不断转型升级；另一方面，竞争的强化也给重庆本地银行业带来了挑战。与此同时，国民政府加速建立了以四联总处为中心的战时金融管制体制，加大了对政府银行的扶植和对商业银行的限制。川康平民商业银行作为川帮银行的典型代表之一，其在抗战时期的发展困境很大程度上反映了抗战时期重庆银行业的发展困境。

During the Anti-Japanese War, Chongqing banking has undergone significant changes, the Nationalist government moved the capital to Chongqing, Chongqing became the country＇s political, economic and cultural center. On the one hand, a large number of banks （particularly commercial banks） moved to Chongqing, it brought opportunities to Chongqing and promoted Chongqing local banking constantly upgraded.On the other hand, strengthening competition brought the Chongqing local banking industry challenges. At the same time, the Nationalist government accelerated to establish the head office of four top banks as the center of the wartime system of financial regulation, increasing support of government banks and restrictions on commercial banks. ChuanKang civilians commercial banks as a typical representative of Sichuan banks, the development of their plight during the war largely reflected the development dilemma of the banking industry in Chongqing during the war.