安全氛围、工作压力与安全行为

Safety Climate, Safety Behavior and Job Stress

一线员工的安全行为是企业安全生产的基石。如何提高员工的安全行为水平是亟需解决的重要议题。文章基于社会交换理论和压力-情绪理论的企业安全行为,探讨安全氛围对员工安全行为的影响,分析工作压力在安全氛围影响安全行为过程中的调节作用。依据309份来自我国煤矿企业的有效问卷,运用层次回归方法进行实证研究,结果表明:安全氛围对安全遵守行为和安全参与行为均具有显著的正向影响;环境压力、操作压力和管理压力在安全氛围影响安全遵守行为的过程中发挥负向调节作用;发展压力在安全氛围影响安全参与行为的过程中发挥负向调节作用。文章的研究结论不仅丰富了安全行为理论的内容,而且打开了将工作压力作为调节变量研究既定问题的思路,为工作压力理论的进一步发展提供有益启发,同时对我国煤矿企业安全管理实践具有重要的指导作用。

Employees＆#39; safety behavior is the cornerstone of enterprises＆#39; safety in production. How to improve the level of safety behavior of employees is needed to solve important issues. How to improve the level of employees＆#39; safety behavior is an important issue needed to be solved. On the basis of social exchange theory and stress-emotion model, this paper discusses the influence of safety climate on employees＆#39; safety behavior, and examines the moderating role of job stress between safety climate and safety behavior. Based on the 309 valid questionnaires from China＆#39;s large-scale coal enterprises, this paper uses hierarchical regression methods for empirical research. Our analysis results show that safety climate is positively related to safety compliance and safety participation; environmental stress , operating stress and management stress have negative moderating effects on the relationship between safety climate and safety compliance and occupation development stress has a negative effect on the relationship between safety climate and safety participation. The conclusions of the study not only enrich the safety behavior theory, but also open the ideas of viewing job stress as the moderator, provide useful inspiration for the further development of the theory of job stress, as well as provide important guidance for safety management practices for coal mine in China.