电动汽车用永磁同步电机效率优化控制研究

Efficiency Optimization Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicle

降低永磁同步电机的损耗对提高电动汽车一次充电续驶里程有重要的意义。结合矢量控制策略,对最小损耗模型和最大转矩电流比两种控制策略进行了对比研究,前者在分析永磁同步电机损耗模型的基础上,采用加权的方法,实时计算得到永磁同步电机电气损耗最小时的最优励磁电流;后者建立了dq轴电流与转矩的非线性方程组,推导出dq轴电流与转矩的表达式,实现了最大转矩电流比控制。仿真结果表明,与最大转矩电流比控制方案相比,在基于损耗模型的效率优化控制策略下,电机的动态响应更快,效率更高,达到了节能、提高电动汽车一次充电续驶里程的目的。

It is important to reduce the loss of the motor for enhancing continues mileage of electric vehicle on a single charge.Combined with vector control strategies , both the minimum loss model and the maximum torque per ampere control strategies were studied , the former is based on analysis of permanent magnet syn-chronous motor loss model , using the weighted approach to calculate in real-time of optimal excitation current for minimum loss of permanent magnet synchronous motor;the later built the nonlinear equations of dq-axis current and torque and achieved the maximum torque current control.The simulation results show that , com-pared with the maximum torque per ampere control , loss model-based control strategy is effective to quicken dynamic response and reduce the electrical consumption of the motor , and the system achieved the purpose of energy saving and enhancing continues mileage of electric vehicles.