水胶体敷料贴敷治疗及预防极低出生体质量儿PICC术后静脉炎效果

Efficacy of Hydrocollide Dressing for the Treatment and Prevention of Phlebitis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants after PICC

[目的]探讨水胶体敷料贴敷治疗及预防极低出生体质量儿经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）术后静脉炎效果.[方法]选择277例留置PICC的极低出生体质量儿,按入院时间顺序分为两组.将采取常规护理措施的141例做为A组,将改进护理措施的136例做为B组;A组留置PICC后出现静脉炎时采用水胶体敷料贴敷穿刺侧治疗.B组留置PICC后立即采用水胶体敷料贴敷穿刺侧预防静脉炎.比较两组不同穿刺部位的静脉炎发生率、水胶体敷料贴敷治疗及预防效果.[结果]头静脉和肘部下行静脉穿刺留置PICC静脉炎发生率高于肘部贵要静脉;B组静脉炎总发生率8.1％,A组为29.1％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组治疗效果均有显效.[结论]极低出生体质量儿在头静脉和肘部下行静脉留置PICC易发生静脉炎,水胶体敷料贴敷治疗及预防静脉炎效果明显.

[Objective]To explore the efficacy of hydrocolloid dressing for the treatment and prevention of phlebitis in very low birth weight infants after PICC.[Methods] Totally 227 very low birth weight infants with indwelling PICC were selected and divided into group A or group B by the time of admission to hospital.The 141 infants receiving routine nursing measures were taken as group A,while 136 infants receiving the improved nursing measures were taken as group B.When phlebitis occurs in group A after indwelling PICC,hydrocolloid dressing onto the puncture side was immediately used for preventing phlebitis.In group B,hydrocolloid dressing onto puncture side was used immediately after indwelled PICC.The incidence of phlebitis at different puncture sites and the efficacy of hydrocolloid dressing were compared between two groups.[Results] The incidence of phlebitis after venepuncture indwelling PICC in cephalic vein and elbow downstream vein were higher than that in elbow basilic vein.The incidence of phlebitis in group B and group A was 8.1％ and 29.1％ respectively,and there was significant difference（P ＜0.05）.[Conclusion] Very low birth weight infants with indwelling PICC in cephalic vein and elbow downstream vein are easy to have phlebitis.The efficacy of hydrocollid dressing for the treatment and prevention of phlebitis is obvious.