新型农村合作医疗与居民风险分担

New Cooperative Medical Scheme and Risk Sharing Behavior

基于Dercon and Krishnan(2003)的理论框架,考察了新型农村合作医疗制度对农村居民风险分担行为的影响。提出并检验三个假设:第一,新农合具有风险分担的作用;第二,私人借款、转移支付以及变卖资产等私人渠道可以分担风险;第三,新农合对于私人风险分担渠道具有挤出效应。对于村庄—年份固定效应模型的估计发现:开展新农合的村庄中居民的食品消费和医疗服务支出能够得到更好的保险;相比于收到转移支付或者变卖资产,私人渠道提供的借款对于风险分担的作用更明显;另外,已开展新农合的村庄中居民会减少对于生活性借款的依赖。上述研究表明新农合具有风险分担作用,同时对私人风险渠道具有挤出效应,文章提出的三个假设均成立。

Based on risk sharing framework of Dercon and Krishnan （2003）, we test three hypotheses about the effect of NCMS on risk sharing. The first is whether NCMS is effective on risk sharing. Secondly, household has private channels to disperse their income risk and to smooth consumption by borrowing, receiving transfer from friends or getting income from selling assets. Thirdly, NCMS has crowding - out effect on private risk sharing channels. The results of fixed - effect estimations show that NCMS has effect on food con- sumption and medical service expenditures, and borrowing is an effective way for household in rural China to disperse their income risk, and NCMS can reduce household＇ s borrowing for living purpose. According to the above estimations, we find that NCMS is effec- tive on risk sharing, and has crowding out effect on private risk sharing channels. The hypotheses are proved to be holding during the empirical tests.