“新农保”有利于农村居民生活水平的改善吗?——基于ELES模型的分析

Can the New Rural Endowment Insurance System Improve the Residents' Living Standards?: Analysis Based on the ELES Model

基于农村消费结构的视角,选用ELES模型,对G省实施新农保制度前后,农村居民的消费数据进行了实证分析,发现农村居民在食品、衣着和居住等方面的边际消费倾向降低,而医疗保健的边际消费倾向提高,基本支出结构有所改善;同时,农村居民对非生活必需品的价格需求弹性提升,但基本消费支出占总收入的比重并未发生显著变化。因此,新农保制度实施后,农村居民生活水平有所改善,但成效并不显著。建议各级政府持续加大对新农保制度的投入,积极开展养老保险城乡统筹,尝试建立养老金动态调整机制。

From the perspective of rural consumption structure, this paper uses the ELES model to investigate and analyze the con- sumption data of rural residents from G province before and after the implementation of the new rural endowment insurance system. We find that, the rural residents＇ marginal propensity of consumption of the food, clothing, living have decreased, while the marginal pro- pensity of health care has increased, which reflects that the rural residents＇ consumption structure has been improved. Meanwhile, the elastic of marginal consumption of non - necessities gets larger. However, the ratio of basic consumption to their total revenue has not changed significantly. Hence, the rural residents＇ living standard has been improved. Besides, the government should increase the in- put to promote the new rural endowment, carry out the urban and rural endowment insurance coordination and try to set up a pension system of dynamic adjustment.