温度对红鳍东方鲀早期生长和性别分化的影响

Effect of temperature on growth and sex differentiation at early developmental stage of redfin puffer (Takifugu rubripes)

研究了全同胞家系的红鳍东方鲀（Takifugu rubripes）早期幼苗在4个不同温度（15℃、17℃、19℃和正常养殖温度21～25℃）条件下,水温对其生长性状和雌雄性别组合的影响。结果表明,培育温度越低,鱼苗生长速度越慢。对照组（正常养殖温度21～25℃）的幼苗生长最快,其次依次为19℃、17℃和15℃。30～90日龄,不同温度处理组绝对增长率和生长指标具有相似变化趋势。70日龄前,正常养殖温度组的绝对增长率和生长指标最高;80～90日龄,19℃组最高。统计180日龄各温度组雄性和雌性个体比例,利用组织学切片法辨别雄雌。15℃组雄性和雌性比例为86.67%和13.33%,17℃组为70.00%和30.00%,19℃组为56.67%和43.33%,正常养殖温度组为53.33%和46.67%。低温能够有效提高红鳍东方鲀家系雄性个体比例,15℃组为最佳诱导温度处理组。

To analyze the effect of water temperature on growth trait and sex differentiation of redfin puffer （ Takifugu rubripes ）, we reared a full-sib family at four temperatures of 15 ℃, 17 ℃, 19 ℃ and normal temperature （21 -25 ℃ ）. The results showed that the growth rate of the fish decreased with decreasing cultivation temperature. The fingerlings in normal temperature group presented the highest growth rate, followed by 19 qC, 17 ℃ and 15 ℃ in descending order. For fish at 30 -90 dph, different temperature groups had similar variation trends in absolute growth ratio and growth index. For fish before 70 dph and those at 80 -90 dph, the normal temperature group and 19 ℃ group presented the highest absolute growth ratio and growth index, respectively. We used morphological examination and histological section to identify the ratio of males and females for fish at 180 dph. The percentages of males and females were 86. 67% and 13.33% in 15 ℃ group, 70. 00% and 30. 00% in 17 ℃ group, 56. 67% and 43.33% in 19 ℃ group as well as 53.33% and 46. 67% in normal temperature group. In conclusion, low temperature produced effectively higher proportions of males and 15 ℃ group was the optimum treatment group.