3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩的合成工艺研究进展

Research progress in the synthesis of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene

聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩具有导电率高、热稳定性好、成膜性好的特点。在光伏电池、抗静电与电磁屏蔽等领域具有良好的用途。由于传统的3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩单体合成过程繁杂,导致3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩单体收率低、价格昂贵,至今未得到良好应用。本文介绍了合成3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩单体的最新研究进展,着重讨论了以价廉易得的氯乙酸乙酯为原料,经亲核取代、酯缩合、烷基化、水解与脱羧合成3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩的新"五步法"合成路线。通过对3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩新"五步法"合成路线的分析,总结了各步最优合成方法与条件,为3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩研究开发提供了借鉴。

Poly（3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene） synthesized by polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene has many advantages,such as high conductivity,high thermal stability,and facile filming.It has potential application in photovoltaic cell,antistatics,and electromagnetic shielding fields.The low yield and high cost of 3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene production limits its application.A new “ five step ” synthesis route for 3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene is introduced.3,4 Ethylenedioxythiophene can be synthesized by using ethyl chloroacetate as the starting material at low cost through nucleophilic substitution,ester condensation,alkylation,hydrolysis,and decarboxylation reactions.According to the reported methods for the synthesis of 3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene,the synthesis method and conditions at each step were optimized.