钢的热处理数值模拟研究进展

Progresses in research of numerical simulation of heat treatment on steel

热处理是改善和优化钢铁材料性能的一个重要手段,热处理后工件组织分布直接决定了材料的最终力学性能和使用性能。传统的热处理工艺开发多采用经验和半经验的方法,不仅耗费大量的人力、财力,而且难以精确地控制质量。随着计算机技术的发展和新的模拟技术的出现,热处理过程的数值模拟也随之成为一个备受关注的研究领域。本文回顾了典型的热处理组织模拟以及材料力学性能预测方法,探讨了温度变化、相变及相变塑性对热处理后残余应力分布的影响,并就热处理数值模拟中存在的问题和发展前景作了总结。

Heat treatment is an important means of improving and optimizing the material properties. Microstructure distribution of heat treatment on steel directly determines the final mechanical properties and the performance of materials. In the development of the traditional heat treatments, empirical and semi-empirical methods were adopted, which cost too much and can not control the quality precisely. With the development of computer technology, the new numerical simulation has been drawing more attention during the process of heat treatment. This paper reviews both the microstructure simulation of heat treatment and the prediction of mechanical properties of materials. The effects of temperature variation, phase transformation and phase transformation plasticity on the residual stress are investigated. Its present problems and prospects are summarized in the numerical simulation on heat treatment.