2009年至2013年萍乡市流感病例样本real-time RT-PCR结果分析

Analysis of real-time RT-PCR detection for influenza samples from 2009 to 2013 in Pingxiang city

目的通过对萍乡市历年流感样病例的病毒核酸检测结果分析,了解当地流感疫情状况,分析当地流感发病趋势,为预防和控制流感流行提供科学论证凭据。方法萍乡市人民医院为国家流感样病例监测哨点医院,对符合流感样病例定义的病例收集相关信息,采集咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光逆转录聚合酶链反应法(real-time RT-PCR)对标本进行流感病毒核酸检测,并进行统计分析。结果萍乡市流感病毒核酸阳性率22.09%,其中2009年阳性率59.75%最高,之后呈下降趋势。新甲型H1N1流感病毒和乙型流感病毒阳性数接近,构成比分为33.74%和30.89%。新甲型H1N1共检出阳性166例,其中2009年9-12月检出阳性143例,2009年11月为最高峰,阳性率达到(75/143)52.45%,2010年以后有少量病例发现。乙型和季H3流感检出阳性数逐年增加。男、女流感核酸阳性检出率分别为23.19%(291/1255)和20.68%(201/972)。年龄分5个组统计分析,阳性率分别是37.25%、30.59%、19.40%、18.69%和13.00%。结论萍乡市流感病例核酸阳性以新甲型H1N1和乙型为主;季H3流感病例核酸阳性有所增加,且新甲型H1N1在2009年12月后得到有效控制,流感病毒易感染人群以学龄儿童和青少年为主,性别无差异。

Objective To analyze the data from surveillance of influenza virus in Pingxiang city over the years and to explore the epidemic situation of influenza and incidence trend of influenza so as to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of influenza credentials. Methods The relevant informations and throat swab specimens were collected from influenza-like patients at the Pingxiang City People＇s Hospital,which is a national influenza surveillance hospital.The influenza virus nucleic acid was detected by using real-time RT-PCR method and statistical analysis was performed. Results In Pingxiang city, the positive rate of nucleic acid of influenza virus was 22.09%, but in 2009 the positive rate was 59.75%,which was the highest and then declining year by year. The positive rates of new influenza A（H1N1） virus and influenza B virus were close, which were 33.74% and30.89% respectively. 166 samples were positive for new influenza A（H1N1）, of which 143 samples were positive from September to December in 2009, the highest peak in November 2009, the positive rate was（75/143） 52.45%, a small number of cases was detected after 2010. The positive rate of B influenza and H3 influenza were increasing year by year. The positive rate in male were23.19%（291/1255） and 20.68%（201/972） in female respectively. Conducting statistical analysis according to the age of five groups, the positive rate was 37.25%, 30.59%, 19.40%, 18.69% and 13.00%, respectively. Conclusions In Pingxiang influenza virus was mainly new influenza A（H1N1） and B influenza. The H3 influenza was increasing, but the new influenza A（H1N1） was effectively controlled after December 2009. The population susceptible to influenza virus was mainly school children and teenagers,there was no gender differences.