寡头市场下价格时变产品的最优交货时间策略

Optimal product delivery time strategies of time-varying price in an oligopoly market

针对需求对价格和交货时间的敏感性,价格与交货时间呈线性关系,构建了寡头市场下按单生产(make to order(MTO))企业的产品最优交货时间的决策模型,关注产品之间的替代性以及面临的不同市场竞争环境,使模型更贴近现实情况.首先对模型的最优性进行分析,其次通过数值算例,探讨了顾客偏好系数和替代率对最优决策的影响,以及寡头企业在竞争与合作机制下的最优选择.结果表明顾客的不同偏好将带来不同的决策结果,企业应根据顾客类型进行市场细分并采取不同的决策;在两企业之间存在替代性的情况下,缺乏合作的动机,竞争普遍存在.但如果两企业想保持稳定的交货时间和价格,应采用合作机制.相关结论可以为企业科学进行市场竞争提供有益的指导.

Taking into account the sensitivity of demand to price, delivery time and the linear relationship between the price and delivery time, this paper established the decision-making model of optimal delivery time about two （make to order （MTO）） enterprises, and concerned alternative between products and faced different competition markets made the model more realistic situation. Firstly, the optimal model was analyzed. Secondly a numerical study explored effects on the optimal decision of customer preferences coefficient and rate of substitution, as well as the optimal choices in competition and cooperation mecha- nism. The conclusions showed that different customers preferred to make different decision results. The enterprises should take different decisions based on market segments and customer types. In the case of the alternative, the enterprises lack the motivation of cooperation, competition is widespread. However, if the two companies want to maintain a stable delivery time and price, cooperation mechanisms should be used. The conclusions can provide useful guidances for the scientific enterprise market competition.