要素市场扭曲、贸易广度与贸易质量——基于中国各省细分出口贸易数据的实证分析

Factor Market Distortion,Extensive Trade Margin and Trade Quality:Evidence from Provincial-level Data in China

文章实证分析了要素市场扭曲对贸易广度与贸易质量的影响。首先基于三元边际分解框架,将各省出口贸易总额分解为贸易广度、贸易数量与贸易质量,分析各省贸易总额与贸易模式的差异性;然后,采用计量模型,在控制了经济规模、人均收入水平、贸易成本等因素后,考察市场扭曲对贸易总额与贸易模式的影响。结论发现,中国各省份贸易总额差异主要源自贸易数量;贸易广度和贸易质量的跨省差异较小;要素市场扭曲主要通过提升贸易广度和贸易数量提升了贸易规模,但对于贸易质量影响为负。因此,深化要素市场化改革,降低市场扭曲程度是改善中国出口增长模式,提升贸易质量的重要策略。

This study explores the impact of factor market distortion on extensive trade margin and trade quality. Decomposing China＇s provincial aggregate exports into the extensive margin of trade, trade quantity and trade quality, the paper investigates the provincial differences in aggregate trade and trade modes. An econometric model is employed to measure the impact of factor market distortion on aggregate trade and trade modes by controlling the size of economy, income per capita and trade cost, etc. The findings suggest that the provincial differences in aggregate trade mainly stem from trade quantity, and the effect of extensive trade margin and trade quality are not significant. Market distortion promotes trade volumes mainly through improving the extensive trade margin and trade quantity, but its impact on trade quality is found to be negative. To conclude, this study suggests a method to improve China＇ s export modes and enhance its trade quality by deepening the factor market reform and reducing the factor market distortion.