康有为、梁启超佛教思想比较研究

A Comparative Study of Buddhism Thought between Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao

康有为、梁启超虽都力图吸收与利用佛教中某些有益的资源为改良社会服务,但由于二人对宗教所持的立场及其涉猎佛教深广度的不同,他们对佛教的态度与认识必然会存在着明显的差异:康氏始终坚信唯有定孔教为国教,才能挽救国家的危亡,佛教只是为补充其儒家思想的不足;而梁氏则服膺政教分离、信教自由的宪政原则,佛教对他具有救世、学术与自我修养等多种意义。比较研究康、梁的佛教思想,可从中窥见中国近代政治思想演变的若干特点。

Although Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao all tried to absorb and utilize some useful resources from Buddhism into serving the social transformation, their attitudes and cognition of Buddhism obviously differ from one another due to the differences in their religious positions as well as the depth and width of their Buddhism knowledge. Kang Youwei always believed that the nation could be saved from the peril only by setting Confucianism as the state religion while Buddhism merely complemented the lack in his Confucianism thought. But Liang Qichao hold to the constitutional principle of the separation between politics and religion as well as the freedom of religious belief, and Buddhism meant salvation, scholarship and self-cultivation and so on to him. A comparative study of Buddhism thought of theirs could get a glimpse of several characteristics in the evolution of modem Chinese political thought.