生态的抑或非生态的?——从哈克贝利·费恩的自然观说起

Ecological or Non-Ecological: Huckleberry Finn's View of Nature

针对批评界对哈克贝利·费恩是"生态小英雄"的定位,本文提出质疑,认为单从哈克的自然观来看,哈克性格的生态性还值得商榷。通过分析哈克的自我中心主义自然审美,哈克对待自然的矛盾态度以及他对自然的实用主义践行,指出哈克的自然观具有传统的人类中心主义倾向,是非生态的。哈克的自然观深受美国19世纪的流行观念和马克·吐温个人经历的影响,他热爱自然、亲近自然是以满足个人需求为目的,并不具有深刻的生态意识。

This paper contends that Huckleberry Finn is not a ＂little ecological hero＂ as regarded by the critics, and being ecological in his character from the perspective of his view of nature is up for debate. Through analyzing Huck＇ s self-centralism appreciation of nature, Huck＇ s contradictory attitude towards nature, and his practical treatment of nature, this paper attempts to reveal the traditional human-centralism trend in Huck＇ s view of nature, which is non-ecological. Huck＇ s view of nature is greatly influenced both by the popular conception in the 19^th century in America and Mark Twain＇ s personal experience. Showing his love and intimacy with nature is just for the purpose of meeting his needs, which does not mean Huck has the ecological consciousness.