论苏轼的“密州四曲”

On Su Shi's Mizhou Four Poems

苏轼知密州时期创作成绩斐然。为怀念前妻王弗所作的《江城子·十年生死》虽然在悼亡词形式上有所继承,但于内容上则为开拓,当为第一首格高千古、影响后世的悼亡词;《江城子·密州出猎》集苏轼多年词风探索成果于一身,厚积薄发,终于成为开启词史上豪放一派的壮词;苏轼修葺而为千年名胜的超然台在当时已是名满天下,苏轼登台而作的《望江南·超然台作》用诗语描绘了北方小城的美丽春景,又富有哲理,堪称景妙论高、千年未解的的超然词;中秋词《水调歌头·明月几时有》不仅为中秋绝唱,又以诗词形式集中国中秋文化之大成,对中国传统中秋节的赏月、美食与团圆的文化内容以诗词的形式进行了固定化,成为中秋文化的典型代表诗词、中秋诗词当之无愧千古佳作。此四首作于密州的佳作,应当誉之为"密州四曲"。

Su Shi created more poems in Mizhou. In “Jangcheng Zi： Ten Years Life and Death”, his missing of his ex-wife Wang Fu, was the first mourning poem which has the new contents and the good repu-tation for long time.“Jiangcheng Zi： Mizhou Hunting” was the first famous poem of forthright school, which included his more years thinking and cumulativeness. After Sushi repaired Chaorantai, the thousands of years’ place of interest, it was well-known at that time. Once, he climbed on Chaorantai and created“Wang Jiangnan： Chaorantai Poem”, describing the beautiful scenery of the Northern spring, full of philosophical thinking This poem was a vivid description of beautiful scenery and not to be explained.”“Shuidiao Getou：When will the Moon be Clear and Bright” was not only the famous Mid-autumn poem, but also had the richest cultural contents of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Admiring the full moon in traditional Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival, food and reunion cultural content in the form of poetry were immobilized as a representa-tive of mid-autumn culture, and the eternal masterpiece of the mid-autumn poetry. As the four poems all created in Mizhou, we may praise it“Mizhou Four Poems”.