2012年河南省市售生制速冻面米制品食源性致病菌污染状况监测

Surveillance of foodborne pathogen contamination in rawfrozen food products made of flour or rice in Henan 2012

目的了解2012年河南省境内市售生制速冻面米制品中金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌的污染状况。方法金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门菌检测及血清分型参照2012年《国家食品安全风险监测工作手册》,金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素的测定参照mini-VIDAS试剂使用说明。结果 344份速冻面米制品中检出金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌共计55株,总检出率为15.99%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌49株（14.24%）,沙门菌6株（1.74%）。金黄色葡萄球菌计数结果为0.2~110 cfu/g。49株金黄色葡萄球菌中22株金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素阳性,阳性率为44.90%。6株沙门菌血清分型分属4个血清型：肠炎沙门菌、阿贡纳沙门菌、印第安纳沙门菌、德尔卑沙门菌。6株沙门菌对头孢唑啉、头孢替坦、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、妥布霉素均耐药,3株沙门菌对氨苄青霉素/舒巴坦、头孢曲松、氨曲南、呋喃妥因和复方新诺明的耐药率均为33.33%,对环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星的耐药率均为16.67%。结论河南省市售生制速冻面米制品存在沙门菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的污染,其中沙门菌的检出率较低,但其安全风险较大;金黄色葡萄球菌虽未超标,但其检出率和肠毒素的阳性率均较高,应高度重视。

Objective Study the contamination of Staphylococcus aurous and Salmonella in raw frozen food products made of flour or rice in Henan 2012. Methods Staphylococcus aurous and Salmonella were detected and the serotyping of Salmonella was performed by The Manual for National Food Safety Risk Monitoring （2012）. The enterotoxin of Staphylococcus aurous was detected by the instruction of mini-VIDAS Staphylocouls enterotoxin I]. Results 55 strains of foodborne pathogens were detected from 344 samples, and the detection rate was 15.99%. The detected strains included 49 strains of Staphylococcus aurous and 6 strains of Salmonella, accounting for 14.24% and 1.74% of the detection rate. Colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aurous for the positive samples were 0.2-110 cfu/g. 22 strains out of 49 strains of Staphylococcus aurous were enterotoxin-positive. The 6 strains of Salmonella were 4 serotypes, S. enteritidis, S. agona, S. Indiana and S. derby. All the strains of Salmonella were resistant to cefazolin, cefotetan, amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin. 3 strains of Salmonella were resistant to ampicillin. 2 strains were resistant to ampicillin/sulbactam, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. 1 strain was resistant to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Conclusion There was contamination of Staphylococcus aurous and Salmonella in raw frozen food products made of flour or rice in Henan 2012. The rate of Salmonella contamination was lower, but the risk was higher, while it was the opposite for Staphylococcus aurous. The Staphylococcus aurous contamination should be also taken into account because of the higher enterotoxin-positive rate.