磺脲类降糖药物的临床认识

The look at sulfonylurea compounds

磺脲类药物是最为古老的口服降糖药物之一,多年的临床研究对于磺脲类药物的疗效和安全性积累了丰富的经验,使其成为目前临床上最常应用的口服降糖药物之一。磺脲类药物不仅能促进胰岛B细胞释放胰岛素,还能产生减少肝脏对胰岛素的清除、抑制胰高糖素的生成等作用。目前磺脲类药物在2型糖尿病的治疗中占有重要的地位,但是近年来磺脲类药物引起低血糖、增重、心血管事件风险等副反应逐渐引起学界的重视。WENZHANG对磺脲类药物的作用机制、疗效、副反应和新近进展等方面做以综述。

Sulfonylurea compounds were the first oral antidiabetic agents in the world. They are important in optimal glucose control. Sulfonylureas not only have the function of stimulating insulin releasing from β-cells of pancreas, but also have some extrapancreatic effects, such as decreasing the clearance of hepatic insulin, reducing the secretion of glucagon in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and so on. Sulfonylurea compounds were the primary pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, but their safety and clinical utility caused some controversy because of inducing the risks of hypoglycemia, gain of weight, causing cardiovascular disease outcomes and cancer in recent years. In this work, we reviewed the biological mechanisms of sulfonylureas, the efficacy of its oral taken in T2DM and the side effects of its usage and so on.