配电网电力电子装备的互联与网络化技术

Technologies of Power Electronic Equipment Interconnecting and Networking in Distribution Grids

电力电子技术在电力系统中有着极为广泛的应用。近年来,电力电子技术在配电系统中获得迅猛发展,其主要功能从传统的电能质量调节、可再生能源接入和用户侧的节能用电等,扩展到配电网的电能双向、甚至多向流动控制以及复杂的电能调控管理。因此,电力电子装备传统的独立工作模式已经无法满足越来越复杂的配电网的需要,亟需将相互独立的电力电子设备互联起来以实现整体协调和控制,从而真正做到能量和信息集成的一体化网络。这种发展趋势既给电力电子技术本身带来新的挑战,又为配电网带来新的变革,并促进直流配电网的发展。该文综述了配电网中电力电子设备网络化的重要性及其概念,讨论了电力电子装备的发展方向,并从功率和通信两个层面探讨了电力电子网络化所需的关键技术。同时,介绍了基于电力电子变换器的直流配电网的特点、可能的组成架构以及相关的技术问题。

Power electronics has widely been applied in electric power systems. In recent years, power electronics is developing rapidly in distribution grids, and its major applications have been extended from conventional functions such as power quality conditioning, renewable energy integration and energy saving control on the consumer side, to the management of distribution grid such as the control of bidirectional or multidirectional power flow and power management, Therefore, the power electronic equipment with conventional independent operating mode can not meet the requirement of the distribution grid. So, it is necessary for power electronic equipment to communication with each other and to coordinate in the whole grid, which forms a comprehensive network integrating the functions of energy flow and information exchange. This development trend not only brings new challenges to power electronics, but also prompts the transformation of the distribution grid, and accelerates the emerging of DC distribution grid. This paper reviews the concepts of networked power electronic equipment and its significant properties, and elaborates the development trend of power electronics and the key technologies for power electronic equipment interconnecting and networking in the view of power conversion and data communication. On the other side, the features, candidate configurations and key technical problems of power electronics based DC distribution grids are also analyzed in this paper.