长沙市医学专业与非医学专业大学生吸烟行为及影响因素研究

Smoking Behaviors and Associated Factors among Medical and Non-medical College Students

目的了解长沙市在校大学生的吸烟行为发生状况、烟草危害知识知晓程度和对吸烟行为的态度,探讨大学生吸烟行为的主要影响因素。方法在长沙市某综合性高校中,以分层随机整群抽样方法获取2 092名大学生样本,采用自填式结构问卷了解大学生吸烟行为状况、烟草危害知识知晓程度以及对吸烟行为的态度。结果在2 061名有效调查样本中,尝试吸烟率为16.5%(男39.4%,女6.1%),偶尔吸烟率为14.8%(男33.8%,女6.0%),每日吸烟率为1.8%(男5.6%,女0.1%),其中男生的各项吸烟率均高于女生(P<0.01);医学生与非医学生各类吸烟行为发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但医学生烟草危害知识知晓程度和拒绝吸烟的意愿均高于非医学生(P<0.01);男性、对吸烟的态度和室友吸烟是影响大学生发生尝试吸烟行为的重要因素。结论大学生吸烟行为与是否为医学专业无显著性关联,但与性别、拒绝烟草的态度、室友的吸烟行为有显著性关联;应制定有效措施对大学生群体的吸烟行为进行预防与干预。

Objectives To investigate the prevalence of smoking and the situation of smoking‐related knowledge and attitude ,identify the main factors of smoking behavior among college students in Changsha city .Methods Ac‐cording to the stratified cluster random sample method ,2 092 college students in a comprehensive university were selected and administered self‐designed questionnaires about smoking behaviors and relevant factors .Results 2061 students were successfully investigated ,and the prevalence rates of lifetime use ,occasion smoking and daily smok‐ing were 16 .5% （male 39 .4% ,female 6 .1% ） ,14 .8% （male 33 .8% ,female 6 .0% ） ,and 1 .8% （male 5 .6% ,fe‐male 0 .1% ） ,respectively .Male students had higher smoking rates than female students ,while the medical and non‐medical students had comparable smoking rates .Besides ,medical students have more smoking‐related knowl‐edge and more likely to refuse smoking than non‐medical students .Male ,attitude towards smoking and room‐mates’ smoking behavior were the risk factors of attempting smoking .Conclusions There was no significant sta‐tistic difference between medical and non‐medical students smoking behaviors .Smoking behavior was associated with gender ,attitude to smoking and the roommates’ smoking status among college samples .Effective interven‐tions should be taken to prevent smoking and to promote cessation in college smokers .