四川省卫生资源公平性研究

Researchon the Equity of Health Resources in Sichuan Province

目的：分析四川省卫生资源的配置状况，为进一步实施区域卫生规划、优化卫生资源配置提供科学依据。方法采用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数、泰尔指数及卫生资源密度指数（HRDI）对四川省卫生资源的配置状况和公平性进行分析与评价。结果四川省每千人口卫生资源按人口分布的基尼系数位于0．14～0．30之间，床位设置的公平性高于卫生人员；按地理分布的基尼系数位于0．60～0．74之间，资源分配显示配置不均衡；按 HRDI计算的基尼系数位于0．21～0．45之间，注册护士差距较大。泰尔指数显示，卫生资源分配组间（地区间）差异贡献率高于组内差异。结论四川省卫生资源配置公平性较好，人口分布优于地理分布，硬件资源配置公平性优于软件资源，卫生资源配置不均衡性主要来源于三类地区之间。

Objectives To provide scientific bases of the implementation of regional health planning and the optimization of health resources allocation ,based on the analysis of the allocation status of health resources .Methods Analyzing health resources allocation situation and equity in Sichuan province using Lorenz curve ,Gini coefficient ,Theil index and HRDI . Results Gini coefficient of health resources per thousand population based on population distribution lied between 0 .14-0 .30 .The equity of clinical bed was superior to health staff .Gini coefficient based on geographic distribution lied between 0 .60-0 .74 ,which showed an inequeity of resources allocation .Gini coefficient based on HRDI lied between 0 .21-0 .45 ,and a marked difference was found in registered nurses .Conclusions Health resource alloca‐tion based on geographic distribution is better than that based on population distribution .The equity of hardware re‐sources allocation is better than software resources allocation .The inequity of health resources allocation is mainly between three categories of regions .